Imagine stumbling upon a hidden treasure, a piece of history that has been forgotten for centuries, and realizing its immense significance. This is exactly what happened to Michael Scurr, a volunteer at the National Archives in London. On an ordinary Thursday morning, Scurr discovered a 'vanishingly rare' copy of the US Declaration of Independence, an early printing that predates the 250th anniversary of its signing. This remarkable find raises questions and offers a unique perspective on the spread of revolutionary ideas and the complex dynamics of the American Revolution.
Unveiling a Historical Gem
The document, known as the Exeter printing, is one of only 11 copies that have survived, and the only one found outside the US. What makes this discovery even more intriguing is the story behind its journey into the hands of the Royal Navy. It was seized from an American privateer vessel, the Dalton, off the coast of Spain in 1776. Among the captured papers, this particular copy of the Declaration of Independence was overlooked, labeled merely as 'another document', and remained hidden for over two centuries.
A Revolutionary Message
The Exeter printing, a 'broadside' designed for rapid distribution, was printed in New Hampshire just days after the Declaration was first signed in Philadelphia. These broadsides were the 18th-century equivalent of breaking news, a means to disseminate information quickly and widely. In my opinion, this highlights the urgency and excitement surrounding the Declaration, a momentous event that demanded immediate attention and action.
The Captain's Commitment
The Dalton's captain, Eleazer Johnson, was a dedicated American patriot. After his capture, he boldly declared his citizenship to the United States, a statement considered treasonous by the British crown. It's fascinating to imagine Johnson reading the Declaration aloud to his diverse crew, a powerful moment of unity and purpose. This act of defiance and the crew's diverse backgrounds, including a free black man, Daniel Cottle, showcase the complex and inclusive nature of the American Revolution.
A Transatlantic Story
The discovery of this rare document serves as a reminder that the American Revolution was not an isolated event but a transatlantic phenomenon. As Saul Nassé, the chief executive of the National Archives, notes, "The history of the American Revolution is fundamentally transatlantic." This copy, with its unique provenance, bridges the gap between the US and the UK, offering a tangible link to a shared past.
Uncovering Hidden Narratives
The story of the Exeter printing and the Dalton's crew highlights the importance of archival research and the potential for uncovering hidden narratives. Through further investigation, we can piece together the lives of individuals like Daniel Cottle, a free black man fighting for his freedom and the freedom of others. These personal stories add depth and humanity to our understanding of history.
In conclusion, the discovery of this rare copy of the US Declaration of Independence is a thrilling reminder of the power of historical archives. It offers a unique perspective on the spread of revolutionary ideas, the commitment of individuals to a cause, and the complex dynamics of a transformative era. As we reflect on this find, we are reminded of the importance of exploring and preserving our shared history, uncovering the stories that shape our present and future.
